In this hybrid research seminar on Thursday 20th February 2025 at 12:00-13:00 CET, Sunil Mani — from the Centre for Development Studies in India — will present his research titled "State and Its Technological Solution to Climate Change in India: Electric Vehicle Manufacturing in India".
Abstract:
India's electric vehicle (EV) sector has experienced remarkable growth over the last decade, transitioning from early developments to rapid acceleration since 2021. This presentation explores the evolution of the Indian EV industry, focusing on government strategies and technological innovations that have shaped its trajectory. Using the Sectoral Systems of Innovation (SSI) framework, it examines key dimensions of the ecosystem, including knowledge and technologies, actors and networks, institutions, and demand. The Indian government has played a pivotal role in fostering EV adoption through policies such as the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME) scheme and the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP). These initiatives provide financial incentives, promote research and development (R&D), and aim to expand charging infrastructure. However, challenges such as high upfront costs, range anxiety, and limited public perception pose barriers to widespread adoption. The presentation also delves into the domestic technological capabilities underpinning the EV sector. It analyses India’s progress across 11 critical EV technologies, including battery technology, electric motors, power electronics, and charging infrastructure, using evidence from scientific publications and patent activity. Notable contributions by domestic manufacturers such as Tata Motors, Mahindra Electric, and Ola Electric, along with collaborative efforts involving research institutions, public-private partnerships, and international collaborations, highlight India's strides in innovation. Additionally, the role of intermediaries, such as industry associations and think tanks, is emphasised in shaping the EV ecosystem. The market structure and supply chain are explored, revealing a concentrated industry with significant contributions from both domestic and foreign manufacturers. Two-wheeler EVs dominate the market, reflecting consumer preferences for affordability and practicality. Despite this, India remains dependent on imports for key components such as lithium-ion batteries and power electronics, which underscores the need for self-reliance and technological advancement. Drawing on global best practices, the presentation compares India’s EV diffusion rates with leading markets such as China and the global average. It identifies gaps in charging infrastructure, consumer awareness, and policy enforcement, which need addressing to scale up EV adoption further. Moreover, the presentation examines the economic implications of EV manufacturing, including export potential and trade balances, alongside the impact of disembodied technology imports. In conclusion, the presentation offers insights into the critical role of policy in driving the EV sector's growth, fostering innovation, and addressing demand-side constraints. It raises the key question of how India can overcome technological and infrastructural challenges to establish itself as a global leader in the EV transition while ensuring environmental and economic sustainability.
The zoom link to join the seminar online can be found here. This event is open to the public. All who are interested to this topic are very welcome to join the seminar. After the presentation there will be time for questions and discussion.
For any queries related to our UNU-MERIT Seminar Series, please contact Sneha Marydas and Cecilia Seri by sending an email to seminars@merit.unu.edu.
