In a context of increasing environmental degradation worldwide, biodiversity loss is emerging as a critical threat to global health, according to a recent editorial published in The BMJ. The article, co-authored by Liz Willetts (International Institute for Social Development) Remco van de Pas (UNU-IIGH), and Unnikrishnan Payyappallimana (University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Bangalore), warns that ecosystem collapse could occur as early as 2030, with direct implications for global health, as well as human and national security.
Drawing on the United Kingdom’s nature security assessment, the editorial identifies biodiversity loss as a systemic risk driven by the unsustainable use of natural resources, land-use change, pollution, and climate change. These pressures are closely linked to degrading food systems, water security, and public health outcomes worldwide, as well as to the need to strengthen links between health, food and water security, and nature (ecological) security.
The editorial also describes a cycle in which global food systems change drive ecosystem degradation, while the resulting threats to health and water security further intensify this negative spiral, contributing to declining food production and ecological collapse. It further notes that countries best placed to respond are those investing in ecosystem protection and restoration, as well as in integrated food systems transformation.
For a more comprehensive understanding of these findings, please read the full article on The BMJ website here.
Suggested citation: "Biodiversity Loss Raises Risks to Global Public Health ," (2026)
