Resource Nexus analysis of transitions after coal mining in South Korea and Lusatia, Germany

Germany and South Korea have both committed to phasing out coal, leaving mining regions such as Lusatia and South Korean abandoned mine districts facing socioeconomic and environmental transformations. This report applies the Resource Nexus approach to analyze transitions after coal mining in these two regions, examining the interconnections between energy, water, land, soil, biota, food, and space. Despite similar challenges including population decline and economic downturn, Lusatia and South Korea have followed contrasting strategies. Lusatia has focused on large-scale, integrated transformations, creating the largest artificial lake district in Europe, developing renewable energy parks, and implementing extensive reforestation. South Korea has adopted innovative approaches, repurposing underground shafts for smart farming, lunar resource research, and data centers. While both regions have established effective reclamation practices, South Korean fragmented municipal efforts contrast with Lusatian integrated regional planning. By comparing experiences and lessons learned, this report identifies opportunities for mutual learning to support sustainable and just post-mining transitions globally.