India’s coal extractive regions face significant challenges as the global energy transition from fossil fuels accelerates. Given the central role of coal in meeting the energy needs of the country and supporting livelihoods in coal-dependent regions, this transition stands to present a unique set of obstacles. One such region is that of Jharkhand, which, although rich in natural resources and mineral reserves, still struggles under the pressure of socio-economic vulnerabilities, thus exemplifying the complexities of an equitable transition away from coal.
This research aims to investigate bottom-up approaches to regional transformations, with a focus on the coal-dependent communities of Jharkhand, particularly in regard to the state’s vulnerable tribal and rural populations. These communities have historically relied on the ‘Triple J’—Jal (water), Jungle (forest), and Jameen (land)— all of which have been significantly impacted by coal mining activities. In this context, the study shall examine the regional Resource Nexus to identify critical interdependencies between key environmental resources and resource management strategies in coal-rich regions. Moreover, it shall explore how these interconnections can drive sustainable regional transformations while supporting the core objectives of social justice and the equitable transition principles of a just transition.
The bottom-up approach of the study will involve exploring on-the-ground perspectives, community-driven initiatives, and institutional roles to provide a contextualised solution for regional transformation. In highlighting the viewpoints of a range of actors, formal and informal workers, and dependent communities, a better understanding of the challenges and opportunities brought about by the transition can be developed. The role of governance, policy frameworks, and government programs that can support the just transition and regional resource management shall also be assessed, with the objective of compiling best practice approaches and policy recommendations to facilitate regional transformations.
